Downdraft oil burner



Sept. 1e, 1924. 1,508,684

O. FALKENWALDE DOWNDRAFT OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 23. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet l 7 l j i y b I g A.

Z ,if A r ll) Il ,gn/vanto@ 0. Tali/er1 Walde.

Sepe. 16 1924. 1,508,684

O. FALKENWALDE DOWNDHAFT OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 23. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 0, 12J/renne@- gmc sept, 1s, 1924. y 1,508,684

O. FALKENWALDE DOWNDRAFT OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 23. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 /llllllllllllll/I/l/l.

O. FALKENWALDE DOWNDRfFT OIL BURNER Sept. 1s 1924. A 1,508,684

Filed Jan. 23, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Sept i6, i924.

E959 s l FTT @Ftilt QSCAR FALKENWLDE, 0F ALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

DOWNDRAFT OKI. BURNER.

Application filed January 23, 1923. Serial No. ltytii'.

T o all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, OsoAn FALKENWALDE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore City and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Downdraft Oil Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention provides a burner for consuming a hydrocarbon as fuel for heating purposes for dwellings and buildings of every description, whether for private or public use.

One of the principal obj ects of the invention is the provision of a sectional burner wherey by to facilitate its installation in a stove or furnace without necessitating the taking apart of the stove or furnace when equipping the same with a fuel burner, the latter being of such construction as to obviate the use of fastening means such as bolts or rivets for securing the parts after they have been assembled, and as a result the burner may be quickly dismembered should occasion require.

The invention furthermore provides a water vaporizer as an adjunctive part of the burner, the same being disposed within the zone of the iiame so as to be heated thereby for rapid conversion of the water into vapor, which is supplied to the fuel vapor to mix therewith to the end that a hot iiame may be produced which will prevent the formation of soot which w'ould tend to foul and clog the burner and impair the action thereof.

The invention furthermore contemplates a nozzle for delivering the water vapor upon the fuel vaporizing surface in a manner to mix with the fuel vapor and air to insure a gaseous mixture which will consume every particle of fuel without any residue or deposit, thereby insuring a hot flame and maintaining the burner in prime condition, said nozzle imparting a whirling motion to the water vapor and spreading the same in the delivery thereof.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent and suggest themselves as the nature of the invention is understood.

While the drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention it is to be understood that in adapting the same to meet different conditions and requirements, various changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without de artmg from the nature of the invention.

.ferrmg to the accompanying drawings forming a part of the application,

Figure l is a diagrammatic view illustrative'of thc invention,

Flgure 2 is a top plan view of the base plate of the burner,

Figure 3 is a vertical, central section of the burner,

Figure t is a horizontal section on the line 4 4 of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a horizontal section on the line 5-5 of Figure 3,

Figure 6 is a transverse section of the water vaporizer on the line 6--6 of Figure 5,

Figure 7 is a sectional detail on the line 7-7 of Figure 5,

Figure 8 is a sectional detail of the water va or nozzle,

igure 9 1s a detail perspective view of one of the down draft air ducts, and

Figure 10 is an elevation of the crown to which the upper ends of the down draft air ducts are connected.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and designated in the several views of the drawings by like reference characters.

Referring to the diagrammatic view, Figure l, the numeral 1 designates a furnace which may be of any type, design or make. A. fuel tank 2 may be supported in any manner to feed the hydrocarbon by gravity. The fuel pipe 3 is provided in its length with a controlling valve 4 and drain valves 5 and 6, the latter being located upon opposite sides of the valve 4 so that when the latter is closed, provision is had for draining the burner and fuel tank. A water tank 7 is likewise conveniently supported and the discharge of water therefrom is regulated by a valve 8. A water pipe 9 connects with a water vaporizer 10 and is provided at its receiving end with a funnel 1l into which the water is delivered from the tank 7 through the valve 8 in regulated quantity. By spacing the funnel 11 from the valve 8, the feed of the water may be readily observed.

The burner comprises a base plate l2, down draft air ducts 13 and a crown 14, the several parts being separable to facilitate the installation of the burner. The base plate 12 has a portion 15 made detachable, as indicatedmost clearly in Figure 2. When the part 15 is in position, opposite endsl thereof overlap portions of the main part 12, the overlapping portions being secured by bolts 16. The central portion of the base plate 12 is depressed, as indicated at 17, and a cone 18 projects vertically from the depressed portion 17 in a manner to provide an annular trough in which is placed a wick 19. A plurality of openings 20 are formed in the upper portion of the depressed part 17 adjacent the under side of the base plate and above the wick 19, such openings being provided to admit. air whereby to deflect the flame against the cone 18. The outer portion of the base plate 12 is provided with a plurality of openings 21 equidistantly arranged, and each of these openings is surrounded by an upstanding flange 22 having its inner wall upwardly flared to receive the lower tapered end 23 of the air duct. The openings 21 are grouped about the centrally depressed portion 17.

The air ducts 13 are of L-form and their upper inturned ends detachably engage the sides of the crown 14. The crown 14 is hollow and constitutes an air chamber common to all the air ducts 13. The lower end of the crown 14 is open for the discharge of air in a downward direction. Openings 24 are formed in the sides of the crown and correspond in number and position with the open/ings 21 of the base plate. Each of the openings 24 is surrounded by an outwardly disposed flange 25 which receives the upper inturned end of the air duct 13. The top portion of each of the flanges 25 is straight so as to obtain a horizontal bearing upon the top side of the air duct 13. The vertical side portions of the flange 25 are straight and parallel to receive the straight sides of the upper end of the air duct 13, whereas the lower portion of the flange is outwardly flared, as indicated at 26, to receive the lower beveled side of the inturned portion of the air duct. This is shown most clearly in Figure 3.

The water vaporizer 10 is located directly above and adjacent the burner so as to come within the zone of the flame to be heated thereby when the burner is in operation. The water vaporizer comprises an annular chamber 27 and a centrally disposed chamber' 28 and these two chambers are connected by two sets of arms 29 and 30. A partition 31 divides the chamber 28 into an upper compartment 32 and a lower compartment 33. said partition being diagonally disposed and extending from the bottom of the chamber 28 at one side to the top of said chamber upon the opposite side. The hollow arms 29 communicate with the compartment 32 above the partition 31 and the hollow arms 30 communicate with the compartment 33 below said partition. A pipe 34 extends centrally through the `partition 31 and through the bottom of the vaporizer and terminates at a determinate point above the cone 18 and in vertical line therewith. The pipe 34 terminates within the compartment 32 a short distance above the partition 31 and receives the vapor or steam and directs the same to the burner. The water pipe 9 extends through the top side of the vaporizer 10 and terminates within the compartment 32 adjacent the upper or high portion of the inclined partition 31 and to one side of the upper end of the pipe 34. Thus the water is delivered into t-he compartment 32 upon the highest part of the partition 31 and gravitates downwardly upon said partition and passes into the hollow arms 29, thence into the annular chamber 27 in which it is vaporized or converted into steam, the latter filling the interior of the vaporizer and escaping therefrom through the hollow arms 29, Compartment 32 and pipe 34 and beingr supplied to the burner to mix with the fuel vapor and air whereby to promote combustion and insure the formation of a hot flame and the prevention of any deposit.

The water vapor pipe 34 is provided with a nozzle 35 which is flared and closed at its lower end which is of concavo-convex form, as indicated at 36, the inner side being convex whereby to deflect the vapor outwardly against the inclined or flared walls of the nozzle, Outlet openings 37 are formed in the sides of' the nozzle 35 adjacent the small end thereof. A bonnet 38 is fitted upon the vapor pipe 34 and embraces the upper portion of the nozzle 35 and this bonnet functions to deflect the water vapor or steam downwardly around the sides of the nozzle and the projecting flared end of the latter operates to spread the vapor. The inner wall of the bonnet 38 is provided with a spiral 39 of any formation so as to impart a whirling movement to the water vapor or steam in its discharge, whereby to insure a thorough mixing of the water and fuelvapors with the air so as to insure perfect combustion. On reference to Figure 3 of the drawings, it is observed that the lower end of the crown 14 flares so as to accommodate the flaring discharge of the steam 0r water vapor` the delivery portion of the water vapor nozzle being in the plane of the lower flared end of the crown 14.

Tn the operation of the burner, the fuel is discharged from the pip'e 3 at the tip of the cone 18 and overflows the latter and passes downwardly over the outer side thereof and when the burner is in operation. is converted int-o vapor which produces a flame. Air drawn inwardly through the openings 2O directs the flame inwardly1 against the outer side of the cone, which latter is heated thereby. When starting the burner, the wick 19 may be saturated with the fuel oil or with alcohol or other liquid combustible which is lighted and allowed to burn until the parts are sufficiently heated to vaporize the fuel as the same flows downwardly along the outer side of the cone 18. The heat produced by the flame draws air upwardly through the air duct 13 into the crown 14, thence downwardlyA around the nozzle to combine with the flame and support combustion. The vaporizer 10 being heated bythe `flame from the burner, converts the water supplied thereto through the pipe 9 into vapor or steam which is discharged through the nozzle at the lower end of the pipe 34. The vapor or steam is discharged in the form of a flared jet to which a whirling motion has been imparted by means of the spiral 39 and this vapor mixes with the air and fuel vapor, thereby resulting in a hot flame which prevents accumulation of soot or other residue generally tending to foul fuel burners. The outer side of the cone 18 constitutes a fuel vaporizing surface and the tip thereof is kept comparatively cool by the down draft and the flare of the water vapor with the result that the fuel is discharged at the tip of the cone and flows thereover and downwardly along the outer side thereof where it is converted into vapor and mixes with the air and the water vapor or steam.

What is claimed is:

1. In a burner of the character specified, a vapor pipe provided with a nozzle which is closed at its outer end and having lateral openings in the upper portion of its sides. said closed end having its inner side convex 2. In a burner of the character specified, a vapor pipe having a flared nozzle at its delivery end which is clo-sed at its outer end by a concavo-convex wall, said nozzle having outlet openings in its sides at the inner or upper end thereof.

3. In a burner of the character specified, a vapor pipe, a nozzle at the delivery end of the vapor pipe having lateral outlets, and a bonnet mounted upon the vapor pipe and embracing a portion of the nozzle to deflect the vapor downwardly.

4. In a burner of the character specified, a vapor pipe, a nozzle at the delivery end of the vapor pipe having lateral outlets, and a bonnet mounted upon the vapor pipe and embracing a portion of the nozzle to deflect the vapor downwardly, said bonnet having a spiral upon its inner side whereby to impart a whirling motion to the water vapor in its discharge.

5. In a burner of the character specified, a vapor pipe provided with a flared nozzle having outlets in its sides, and a bonnet mounted uponthe pipe and having a portion embracing the nozzle and provided upon its inner side with a spiral whereby to deflect the vapor downwardly and impart a whirling motion thereto.

6. A burner of the character vspecified comprising a base plate having a centrally disposed fuel vaporizer and provided in its outer portion with a plurality of equi-distantly spaced openings, a hollow crown provided in its sides with openings corresponding in number and position with the openings of the base, a plurality-of air ducts having their lower ends detachably fitted to the openings in the base plate and having their upper ends inturned and d'etachably fitted to the openings in the sides ofthe hollow crown, said hollow crown lbeing disposedvabove said fuel vaporizer and having its lower end open for the discharge of air in a downward direction toward said fuel vaporizer, a water vaporizer located abovesaid crown and in the zone of the flame of said burner, and means for conducting vapor from the water vaporizer and discharge the same downwardly in the direction of the fuel vaporizer to mix with the vaporizer fuel.

7. A burner of the character specified' comprising a base plate having va centrally disposed fuel vaporizer and having a plurality of openings in the outer portion grouped about the fuel vaporizer, a plurality of air ducts having their `lower ends fitted to the openings in the base late, a hollow crown disposed above the ucl vaporizer and provided with openings corresponding in number and position with the openings in the base plate, the upper ends 'of said air ducts being inturned and reduced and having their top and vertical sides straight and having their bottom sides beveled, said openings in the hollow crown being surrounded by outwardly disposed flanges which receive the upper reduced and inturned ends of said air ducts. the top ortions of each of said flanges being straight to obtain a horizontal bearing upon the top side of the inturned ends of the air ducts, the vertical side portions of the flanges being straight and parallel to receive the straight sides of the inturned ends of the air ducts, the lower portions of each of said flanges being outwardly flared to receive the lower beveled sides of the inturned ends of the air ducts, and said hollow crown having its lower end open to direct air down-` wardly in the direction of the fuel vaporizer. 8. A burner of thecharacter specified comprisingrk a base plate having a centrally disposed fuel vaporizer and having a plurality of openings in the outer portion grouped about the fuel vaporizer, a plurality of air ducts having their lower ends fitted to the openings in the base, a hollow crown disposed above said vaporizer and \provided with openings corresponding in acting to limit the inward movement of the l0 upper ends of the air ducts relative to the crown. I In testimony whereof I ax my signature 1n presence of a witness.J

OSCAR FALKENWALDE.

Witness BENNETT S. J ONES. 

